HUMA 2323

Texas State Technical College

1. Which approach evaluates a cultural practice within the context of the culture where it occurs, rather than judging it by the standards of another culture? Cultural relativism Cultural universalism Ethnocentrism Cultural assimilation

Answer and explanation

Cultural relativism

Cultural relativism seeks to understand beliefs and practices within their own cultural context. Ethnocentrism, by contrast, judges other cultures using the standards of one’s own culture.

2. Which statement best describes how globalization can affect local cultures? It causes every local culture to remain unchanged despite increased global connections. It affects only the movement of goods, not people, information, or ideas. It generally prevents societies from influencing one another culturally. It can promote cultural exchange and hybrid forms while also pressuring local traditions toward standardization.

Answer and explanation

It can promote cultural exchange and hybrid forms while also pressuring local traditions toward standardization.

Globalization increases connections through flows of goods, people, information, and ideas. These connections can produce cultural exchange and hybrid forms, while also creating pressure to change or standardize local traditions.

3. Which situation best illustrates cultural diffusion? A society abandons all cultural practices after a natural disaster. A language remains unchanged despite interaction with other groups. A community adopts a food tradition through trade with another society. A community develops a new tradition without outside contact.

Answer and explanation

A community adopts a food tradition through trade with another society.

Cultural diffusion occurs when cultural traits, ideas, technologies, or practices spread between societies through exchange such as trade.

4. Which example best represents nonmaterial culture? A community’s shared religious beliefs A village’s stone houses A traditional woven garment A handmade farming tool

Answer and explanation

A community’s shared religious beliefs

Nonmaterial culture consists of ideas and social patterns, including religious beliefs, values, language, and customs. Physical objects such as clothing, buildings, and tools are material culture.

5. Which characteristic best distinguishes culture from biological inheritance? Culture is inherited genetically at birth. Culture is learned and transmitted socially. Culture consists only of individual preferences. Culture is determined primarily by physical environment.

Answer and explanation

Culture is learned and transmitted socially.

Culture develops through shared beliefs, values, behaviors, symbols, and practices that people learn and pass on socially, rather than inheriting biologically.

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